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Disease Profile

Neurofaciodigitorenal syndrome

Prevalence
Prevalence estimates on Rare Medical Network websites are calculated based on data available from numerous sources, including US and European government statistics, the NIH, Orphanet, and published epidemiologic studies. Rare disease population data is recognized to be highly variable, and based on a wide variety of source data and methodologies, so the prevalence data on this site should be assumed to be estimated and cannot be considered to be absolutely correct.

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US Estimated

Europe Estimated

Age of onset

Neonatal

ICD-10

Q87.8

Inheritance

Autosomal dominant A pathogenic variant in only one gene copy in each cell is sufficient to cause an autosomal dominant disease.

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Autosomal recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of each gene of the chromosome are needed to cause an autosomal recessive disease and observe the mutant phenotype.

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X-linked
dominant X-linked dominant inheritance, sometimes referred to as X-linked dominance, is a mode of genetic inheritance by which a dominant gene is carried on the X chromosome.

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X-linked
recessive Pathogenic variants in both copies of a gene on the X chromosome cause an X-linked recessive disorder.

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Mitochondrial or multigenic Mitochondrial genetic disorders can be caused by changes (mutations) in either the mitochondrial DNA or nuclear DNA that lead to dysfunction of the mitochondria and inadequate production of energy.

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Multigenic or multifactor Inheritance involving many factors, of which at least one is genetic but none is of overwhelming importance, as in the causation of a disease by multiple genetic and environmental factors.

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Not applicable

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Other names (AKA)

NFDR syndrome; Freire-Maia Pinheiro Opitz syndrome

Categories

Congenital and Genetic Diseases; Kidney and Urinary Diseases; Nervous System Diseases

Summary

The following summary is from Orphanet, a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs.
orphanet

Orpha Number: 2673

Definition
Neurofaciodigitorenal syndrome is a rare multiple developmental anomalies syndrome characterized by neurological abnormalities (including megalencephaly, hypotonia, intellectual disability, abnormal EEG), dysmorphic facial features (high prominent forehead, grooved nasal tip, ptosis, ear anomalies) and acrorenal defects (such as triphalangism, broad halluces, unilateral renal agenesis). Additionally, intrauterine growth restriction, short stature and congenital heart defects may be associated. There have been no further descriptions in the literature since 1997.

Visit the Orphanet disease page for more resources.

Symptoms

This table lists symptoms that people with this disease may have. For most diseases, symptoms will vary from person to person. People with the same disease may not have all the symptoms listed. This information comes from a database called the Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) . The HPO collects information on symptoms that have been described in medical resources. The HPO is updated regularly. Use the HPO ID to access more in-depth information about a symptom.

Medical Terms Other Names
Learn More:
HPO ID
80%-99% of people have these symptoms
Abnormal oral mucosa morphology
Abnormality of lining of mouth
0011830
Abnormality of the antitragus
0009896
Abnormality of the metacarpal bones
Abnormality of the long bone of hand
0001163
Abnormality of the tragus
0009912
Atresia of the external auditory canal
Absent ear canal
0000413
Brachycephaly
Short and broad skull
0000248
External ear malformation
0008572
Hypoplasia of the premaxilla
Hypoplasia of the primary palate bone
Premaxillary bone deficiency
Primary palate bone deficiency
Small premaxilla
Small primary palate bone
Underdevelopment of the premaxilla
Underdevelopment of the primary palate bone

[ more ]

0010650
Intellectual disability
Mental deficiency
Mental retardation
Mental retardation, nonspecific
Mental-retardation

[ more ]

0001249
Intrauterine growth retardation
Prenatal growth deficiency
Prenatal growth retardation

[ more ]

0001511
Low-set ears
Low set ears
Lowset ears

[ more ]

0000369
Muscular hypotonia
Low or weak muscle tone
0001252
Prominent forehead
Pronounced forehead
Protruding forehead

[ more ]

0011220
Prominent nasal bridge
Elevated nasal bridge
High nasal bridge
Prominent bridge of nose
Prominent nasal root
Protruding bridge of nose
Protruding nasal bridge

[ more ]

0000426
Short stature
Decreased body height
Small stature

[ more ]

0004322
Triphalangeal thumb
Finger-like thumb
0001199
30%-79% of people have these symptoms
Abnormal distal phalanx morphology of finger
Abnormality of the outermost finger bone
0009832
Abnormality of cardiovascular system morphology
0030680
Abnormality of the elbow
Abnormality of the elbows
0009811
Abnormality of the philtrum
0000288
Corneal dystrophy
0001131
Cryptorchidism
Undescended testes
Undescended testis

[ more ]

0000028
Downslanted palpebral fissures
Downward slanting of the opening between the eyelids
0000494
Epicanthus
Eye folds
Prominent eye folds

[ more ]

0000286
Hypertelorism
Wide-set eyes
Widely spaced eyes

[ more ]

0000316
Mandibular prognathia
Big lower jaw
Increased projection of lower jaw
Increased size of lower jaw
Large lower jaw
Prominent chin
Prominent lower jaw

[ more ]

0000303
Pectus excavatum
Funnel chest
0000767
Plagiocephaly
Flat head syndrome
Flattening of skull
Rhomboid shaped skull

[ more ]

0001357
Ptosis
Drooping upper eyelid
0000508
Unilateral renal agenesis
Absent kidney on one side
Missing one kidney
Single kidney

[ more ]

0000122
Percent of people who have these symptoms is not available through HPO
Abnormality of metabolism/homeostasis
Laboratory abnormality
Metabolism abnormality

[ more ]

0001939
Autosomal recessive inheritance
0000007
Bifid nose
Indentation or clefting of the nose
0011803
EEG abnormality
0002353
Frontal bossing
0002007
Midline defect of the nose
0004122

Learn more

These resources provide more information about this condition or associated symptoms. The in-depth resources contain medical and scientific language that may be hard to understand. You may want to review these resources with a medical professional.

In-Depth Information

  • The Monarch Initiative brings together data about this condition from humans and other species to help physicians and biomedical researchers. Monarch’s tools are designed to make it easier to compare the signs and symptoms (phenotypes) of different diseases and discover common features. This initiative is a collaboration between several academic institutions across the world and is funded by the National Institutes of Health. Visit the website to explore the biology of this condition.
  • Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) is a catalog of human genes and genetic disorders. Each entry has a summary of related medical articles. It is meant for health care professionals and researchers. OMIM is maintained by Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. 
  • Orphanet is a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs. Access to this database is free of charge.
  • PubMed is a searchable database of medical literature and lists journal articles that discuss Neurofaciodigitorenal syndrome. Click on the link to view a sample search on this topic.